Debian: NVIDIA GPU Passthrough

Install Proxmox Linux VM

VM Configuration

Edit the VM configuration file:

/etc/pve/qemu-server/<VMID>.conf

Add the following settings:

args: -cpu 'host,+kvm_pv_unhalt,+kvm_pv_eoi,hv_vendor_id=NV43FIX,kvm=off'
bios: ovmf
machine: q35
vga: none

Note: You might need to set vga: std for the initial installation. If so, change it to none right after installation and reboot.

Update GRUB

1. Edit the GRUB configuration file:

   sudo nano /etc/default/grub
   

2. Modify the file to look like this:

   GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet"
   GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="nvidia-drm.modeset=1"
   

3. Update GRUB:

   sudo update-grub
   

Update Package Sources

1. Edit the sources list:

   sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list
   

2. Update the content to:

   deb http://deb.debian.org/debian/ bookworm main non-free-firmware contrib non-free
   deb-src http://deb.debian.org/debian/ bookworm main non-free-firmware contrib non-free
   deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security bookworm-security main non-free-firmware contrib non-free
   deb-src http://security.debian.org/debian-security bookworm-security main non-free-firmware contrib non-free
   deb http://deb.debian.org/debian/ bookworm-updates main non-free-firmware contrib non-free
   deb-src http://deb.debian.org/debian/ bookworm-updates main non-free-firmware contrib non-free
   

3. Update and upgrade packages:

   sudo apt update
   sudo apt upgrade
   

Install NVIDIA Driver

Install the NVIDIA driver:

sudo apt install nvidia-driver

Secure Boot Configuration

Before rebooting, choose one of the following options:

Option A: Disable Secure Boot (Easier)

1. Run the following command:

   mokutil --disable-validation
   

2. Follow the prompts on the first reboot.

Option B: Sign the Driver (More Secure)

Refer to the Debian documentation for instructions on signing the driver:

• NVIDIA Graphics Drivers

Reboot

After completing all steps, reboot your system to apply the changes.